γδ T cells and CD14+ monocytes are predominant cellular sources of cytokines and chemokines associated with severe malaria

Danielle I Stanisic, Julia Cutts, Emily Eriksson, Freya J I Fowkes, Anna Rosanas-Urgell, Peter Siba, Moses Laman, Timothy M E Davis, Laurens Manning, Ivo Mueller, Louis Schofield

Research output: Contribution to journalA1: Web of Science-articlepeer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Severe malaria (SM) is associated with high levels of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 1 (IL-1), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). The role of chemokines is less clear, as is their cellular source.

METHODS: In a case-control study of children with SM (n = 200), uncomplicated malaria (UM) (n = 153) and healthy community controls (HC) (n = 162) in Papua, New Guinea, we measured cytokine/chemokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with live Plasmodium falciparum parasitized red blood cells (pRBC). Cellular sources were determined. Associations between immunological endpoints and clinical/parasitological variables were tested.

RESULTS: Compared to HC and UM, children with SM produced significantly higher IL-10, IP-10, MIP-1βm and MCP-2. TNF and MIP-1α were significantly higher in the SM compared to the UM group. IL-10, IL-6, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and MCP-2 were associated with increased odds of SM. SM syndromes were associated with distinct cytokine/chemokine response profiles compared to UM cases. TNF, MIP-1β, and MIP-1α were produced predominantly by monocytes and γδ T cells, and IL-10 by CD4(+) T cells.

CONCLUSIONS: Early/innate PBMC responses to pRBC in vitro are informative as to cytokines/chemokines associated with SM. Predominant cellular sources are monocytes and γδ T cells. Monocyte-derived chemokines support a role for monocyte infiltrates in the etiology of SM.

Original languageEnglish
JournalJournal of Infectious Diseases
Volume210
Issue number2
Pages (from-to)295-305
Number of pages11
ISSN0022-1899
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2014

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