TY - JOUR
T1 - Antibiotic-resistant bacteria in drinking water from the greater Accra region, Ghana: a cross-sectional study, December 2021-March 2022
AU - Ahmed, Hawa
AU - Zolfo, Maria
AU - Williams, Anita
AU - Ashubwe-Jalemba, Jacklyne
AU - Tweya, Hannock
AU - Adeapena, Wisdom
AU - Labi, Appiah-Korang
AU - Adomako, Lady A B
AU - Addico, Gloria N D
AU - Banu, Regina A
AU - Akrong, Mark O
AU - Quarcoo, Gerard
AU - Borbor, Selorm
AU - Osei-Atweneboana, Mike Y
N1 - PPU
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - With safely managed water accessible to only 19% of the population in Ghana, the majority of its residents are at risk of drinking contaminated water. Furthermore, this water could be a potential vehicle for the transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. This study assessed the presence of bacteria and the antibiotic resistance profile of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in drinking-water sources using membrane filtration and Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion methods. A total of 524 water samples were analyzed for total coliforms, total heterotrophic bacteria, E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Samples included sachets, bottled water, tap water, borehole and well water. Most of the sachet and bottled water samples were within the limits of Ghana's standards for safe drinking water for the parameters tested. Over 50% of tap and borehole water was also free of E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Overall, of 115 E. coli isolates from tap and ground water samples, most were resistant to cefuroxime (88.7%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (62.6%) and amoxicillin-clavulanate (52.2%). P. aeruginosa isolates were most resistant to aztreonam (48%). Multidrug resistance was predominantly seen among E. coli isolates (58%). Evidence from this study calls for routine antimicrobial resistance surveillance in drinking water across the country and additional treatment of water sources at household levels.
AB - With safely managed water accessible to only 19% of the population in Ghana, the majority of its residents are at risk of drinking contaminated water. Furthermore, this water could be a potential vehicle for the transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. This study assessed the presence of bacteria and the antibiotic resistance profile of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in drinking-water sources using membrane filtration and Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion methods. A total of 524 water samples were analyzed for total coliforms, total heterotrophic bacteria, E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Samples included sachets, bottled water, tap water, borehole and well water. Most of the sachet and bottled water samples were within the limits of Ghana's standards for safe drinking water for the parameters tested. Over 50% of tap and borehole water was also free of E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Overall, of 115 E. coli isolates from tap and ground water samples, most were resistant to cefuroxime (88.7%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (62.6%) and amoxicillin-clavulanate (52.2%). P. aeruginosa isolates were most resistant to aztreonam (48%). Multidrug resistance was predominantly seen among E. coli isolates (58%). Evidence from this study calls for routine antimicrobial resistance surveillance in drinking water across the country and additional treatment of water sources at household levels.
KW - Amoxicillin
KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology
KW - Aztreonam
KW - Bacteria
KW - Cefuroxime
KW - Clavulanic Acid
KW - Cross-Sectional Studies
KW - Drinking Water/microbiology
KW - Escherichia coli
KW - Ghana/epidemiology
KW - Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination
U2 - 10.3390/ijerph191912300
DO - 10.3390/ijerph191912300
M3 - A1: Web of Science-article
C2 - 36231603
VL - 19
JO - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
JF - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
SN - 1660-4601
IS - 19
ER -