TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparable pregnancy outcomes for HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected women on antiretroviral treatment in Kenya
AU - Mugo, Cyrus
AU - Nduati, Ruth
AU - Osoro, Eric
AU - Nyawanda, Bryan O
AU - Mirieri, Harriet
AU - Hunsperger, Elizabeth
AU - Verani, Jennifer R
AU - Jin, Hafsa
AU - Mwaengo, Dufton
AU - Maugo, Brian
AU - Machoki, James
AU - Otieno, Nancy A
AU - Ombok, Cynthia
AU - Shabibi, Mufida
AU - Okutoyi, Lydia
AU - Kinuthia, John
AU - Widdowson, Marc-Alain
AU - Njenga, Kariuki
AU - Inwani, Irene
AU - Wamalwa, Dalton
N1 - NPP; © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America and HIV Medicine Association. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - BACKGROUND: The impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on pregnancy outcomes for women on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa remains unclear.METHODS: Pregnant women in Kenya were enrolled in the second trimester and followed up to delivery. We estimated effects of treated HIV with 3 pregnancy outcomes: loss, premature birth, and low birth weight and factors associated with HIV-positive status.RESULTS: Of 2113 participants, 311 (15%) were HIV infected and on ART. Ninety-one of 1762 (5%) experienced a pregnancy loss, 169/1725 (10%) a premature birth (<37 weeks), and 74/1317 (6%) had a low-birth-weight newborn (<2500 g). There was no evidence of associations between treated HIV infection and pregnancy loss (adjusted relative risk [aRR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], .65-2.16; P = .57), prematurity (aRR, 1.09; 95% CI, .70-1.70; P = .69), and low birth weight (aRR, 1.36; 95% CI, .77-2.40; P = .27). Factors associated with an HIV-positive status included older age, food insecurity, lower education level, higher parity, lower gestation at first antenatal clinic, anemia, and syphilis. Women who were overweight or underweight were less likely to be HIV infected compared to those with normal weight.CONCLUSIONS: Currently treated HIV was not significantly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. HIV-infected women, however, had a higher prevalence of other factors associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
AB - BACKGROUND: The impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on pregnancy outcomes for women on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa remains unclear.METHODS: Pregnant women in Kenya were enrolled in the second trimester and followed up to delivery. We estimated effects of treated HIV with 3 pregnancy outcomes: loss, premature birth, and low birth weight and factors associated with HIV-positive status.RESULTS: Of 2113 participants, 311 (15%) were HIV infected and on ART. Ninety-one of 1762 (5%) experienced a pregnancy loss, 169/1725 (10%) a premature birth (<37 weeks), and 74/1317 (6%) had a low-birth-weight newborn (<2500 g). There was no evidence of associations between treated HIV infection and pregnancy loss (adjusted relative risk [aRR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], .65-2.16; P = .57), prematurity (aRR, 1.09; 95% CI, .70-1.70; P = .69), and low birth weight (aRR, 1.36; 95% CI, .77-2.40; P = .27). Factors associated with an HIV-positive status included older age, food insecurity, lower education level, higher parity, lower gestation at first antenatal clinic, anemia, and syphilis. Women who were overweight or underweight were less likely to be HIV infected compared to those with normal weight.CONCLUSIONS: Currently treated HIV was not significantly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. HIV-infected women, however, had a higher prevalence of other factors associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
KW - Abortion, Spontaneous
KW - Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use
KW - Female
KW - HIV Infections/complications
KW - Humans
KW - Infant, Newborn
KW - Kenya/epidemiology
KW - Pregnancy
KW - Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/drug therapy
KW - Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy
KW - Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology
KW - Premature Birth/epidemiology
U2 - 10.1093/infdis/jiac128
DO - 10.1093/infdis/jiac128
M3 - A1: Web of Science-article
C2 - 35403695
SN - 0022-1899
VL - 226
SP - 678
EP - 686
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases
IS - 4
M1 - jiac128
ER -