Trichomonas vaginalis and HIV infection acquisition: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Simon Chengo Masha; Piet Cools; Eduard J. Sanders; Mario Vaneechoutte; Tania Crucitti

doi:10.1136/sextrans-2018-053713

Trichomonas vaginalis and HIV infection acquisition: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Simon Chengo Masha, Piet Cools, Eduard J. Sanders, Mario Vaneechoutte, Tania Crucitti

Research output: Contribution to journal › A1: Web of Science-article › peer-review

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Abstract

Objectives: Trichomoniasis is the most prevalent curable STI globally, with the highest incidence and prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA). STIs have largely been associated with an increase in HIV acquisition. Our objective was to assess the existing literature available in English regarding the association of Trichomoniasis and HIV-1 acquisition.

Methods: The review protocol was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under number CRD42018082702. We searched MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus databases to collect articles measuring the association of Trichomonas vaginalis infection and HIV acquisition and performed a meta-analysis and qualitative synthesis of the literature.

Results: We identified 1806 unduplicated citations, of which 18 papers and 1 conference abstract were eligible for inclusion in the review after applying our inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the studies included in the systematic review had been carried out in sSA. The articles reported various measures of effects, namely: HRs, rate ratios, risk ratios and ORs. In a meta-analysis restricted to 11 studies reporting HR, individuals infected with T. vaginalis were 1.5 times more likely to acquire HIV compared with individuals not infected with T. vaginalis (95% CI 1.3 to 1.7; p<0.001).

Conclusions: T. vaginalis is an important factor in HIV acquisition especially in sSA where the prevalence of both T. vaginalis and HIV-1 are high. This systematic review and meta-analysis confirms the evidence that infection with T. vaginalis augments HIV acquisition with 50%. Diagnosis and treatment of T. vaginalis infection in both high-risk and low-risk individuals may be a potential tool to reduce new HIV infections.

Trial Registration number: CRD42018082702.

Original language	English
Journal	Sexually Transmitted Infections
Volume	95
Issue number	1
Pages (from-to)	36-42
Number of pages	7
ISSN	1368-4973
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2018-053713
Publication status	Published - 2019

Keywords

Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology
Female
HIV Infections/epidemiology
HIV-1
Humans
Male
Odds Ratio
Prevalence
Proportional Hazards Models
Trichomonas Infections/epidemiology
Trichomonas vaginalis

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10.1136/sextrans-2018-053713Licence: CC BY-NC

2019stin0036Final published version, 978 KBLicence: CC BY-NC

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title = "Trichomonas vaginalis and HIV infection acquisition: a systematic review and meta-analysis",

abstract = "Objectives: Trichomoniasis is the most prevalent curable STI globally, with the highest incidence and prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA). STIs have largely been associated with an increase in HIV acquisition. Our objective was to assess the existing literature available in English regarding the association of Trichomoniasis and HIV-1 acquisition.Methods: The review protocol was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under number CRD42018082702. We searched MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus databases to collect articles measuring the association of Trichomonas vaginalis infection and HIV acquisition and performed a meta-analysis and qualitative synthesis of the literature. Results: We identified 1806 unduplicated citations, of which 18 papers and 1 conference abstract were eligible for inclusion in the review after applying our inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the studies included in the systematic review had been carried out in sSA. The articles reported various measures of effects, namely: HRs, rate ratios, risk ratios and ORs. In a meta-analysis restricted to 11 studies reporting HR, individuals infected with T. vaginalis were 1.5 times more likely to acquire HIV compared with individuals not infected with T. vaginalis (95% CI 1.3 to 1.7; p<0.001). Conclusions: T. vaginalis is an important factor in HIV acquisition especially in sSA where the prevalence of both T. vaginalis and HIV-1 are high. This systematic review and meta-analysis confirms the evidence that infection with T. vaginalis augments HIV acquisition with 50%. Diagnosis and treatment of T. vaginalis infection in both high-risk and low-risk individuals may be a potential tool to reduce new HIV infections. Trial Registration number: CRD42018082702.",

keywords = "Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology, Female, HIV Infections/epidemiology, HIV-1, Humans, Male, Odds Ratio, Prevalence, Proportional Hazards Models, Trichomonas Infections/epidemiology, Trichomonas vaginalis",

author = "Masha, {Simon Chengo} and Piet Cools and Sanders, {Eduard J.} and Mario Vaneechoutte and Tania Crucitti",

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year = "2019",

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language = "English",

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T1 - Trichomonas vaginalis and HIV infection acquisition: a systematic review and meta-analysis

AU - Masha, Simon Chengo

AU - Cools, Piet

AU - Sanders, Eduard J.

AU - Vaneechoutte, Mario

AU - Crucitti, Tania

N1 - FTX; (CC BY-NC 4.0)

PY - 2019

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N2 - Objectives: Trichomoniasis is the most prevalent curable STI globally, with the highest incidence and prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA). STIs have largely been associated with an increase in HIV acquisition. Our objective was to assess the existing literature available in English regarding the association of Trichomoniasis and HIV-1 acquisition.Methods: The review protocol was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under number CRD42018082702. We searched MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus databases to collect articles measuring the association of Trichomonas vaginalis infection and HIV acquisition and performed a meta-analysis and qualitative synthesis of the literature. Results: We identified 1806 unduplicated citations, of which 18 papers and 1 conference abstract were eligible for inclusion in the review after applying our inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the studies included in the systematic review had been carried out in sSA. The articles reported various measures of effects, namely: HRs, rate ratios, risk ratios and ORs. In a meta-analysis restricted to 11 studies reporting HR, individuals infected with T. vaginalis were 1.5 times more likely to acquire HIV compared with individuals not infected with T. vaginalis (95% CI 1.3 to 1.7; p<0.001). Conclusions: T. vaginalis is an important factor in HIV acquisition especially in sSA where the prevalence of both T. vaginalis and HIV-1 are high. This systematic review and meta-analysis confirms the evidence that infection with T. vaginalis augments HIV acquisition with 50%. Diagnosis and treatment of T. vaginalis infection in both high-risk and low-risk individuals may be a potential tool to reduce new HIV infections. Trial Registration number: CRD42018082702.

AB - Objectives: Trichomoniasis is the most prevalent curable STI globally, with the highest incidence and prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA). STIs have largely been associated with an increase in HIV acquisition. Our objective was to assess the existing literature available in English regarding the association of Trichomoniasis and HIV-1 acquisition.Methods: The review protocol was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under number CRD42018082702. We searched MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus databases to collect articles measuring the association of Trichomonas vaginalis infection and HIV acquisition and performed a meta-analysis and qualitative synthesis of the literature. Results: We identified 1806 unduplicated citations, of which 18 papers and 1 conference abstract were eligible for inclusion in the review after applying our inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the studies included in the systematic review had been carried out in sSA. The articles reported various measures of effects, namely: HRs, rate ratios, risk ratios and ORs. In a meta-analysis restricted to 11 studies reporting HR, individuals infected with T. vaginalis were 1.5 times more likely to acquire HIV compared with individuals not infected with T. vaginalis (95% CI 1.3 to 1.7; p<0.001). Conclusions: T. vaginalis is an important factor in HIV acquisition especially in sSA where the prevalence of both T. vaginalis and HIV-1 are high. This systematic review and meta-analysis confirms the evidence that infection with T. vaginalis augments HIV acquisition with 50%. Diagnosis and treatment of T. vaginalis infection in both high-risk and low-risk individuals may be a potential tool to reduce new HIV infections. Trial Registration number: CRD42018082702.

KW - Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology

KW - Female

KW - HIV Infections/epidemiology

KW - HIV-1

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Odds Ratio

KW - Prevalence

KW - Proportional Hazards Models

KW - Trichomonas Infections/epidemiology

KW - Trichomonas vaginalis

U2 - 10.1136/sextrans-2018-053713

DO - 10.1136/sextrans-2018-053713

M3 - A1: Web of Science-article

C2 - 30341233

SN - 1368-4973

VL - 95

SP - 36

EP - 42

JO - Sexually Transmitted Infections

JF - Sexually Transmitted Infections

IS - 1

ER -

Trichomonas vaginalis and HIV infection acquisition: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Keywords

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