TY - JOUR
T1 - Epidemiology of viral acute lower respiratory infections in a community-based cohort of rural north Indian children
AU - Krishnan, Anand
AU - Kumar, Rakesh
AU - Broor, Shobha
AU - Gopal, Giridara
AU - Saha, Siddhartha
AU - Amarchand, Ritvik
AU - Choudekar, Avinash
AU - Purkayastha, Debjani R
AU - Whitaker, Brett
AU - Pandey, Bharti
AU - Narayan, Venkatesh Vinayak
AU - Kabra, Sushil K
AU - Sreenivas, Vishnubhatla
AU - Widdowson, Marc-Alain
AU - Lindstrom, Stephen
AU - Lafond, Kathryn E
AU - Jain, Seema
N1 - FTX; DOAJ; (CC BY 4.0)
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Background: In India, community-based acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) burden studies are limited, hampering development of prevention and control strategies.Methods: We surveyed children <10 years old at home weekly from August 2012-August 2014, for cough, sore throat, rhinorrhoea, ear discharge, and shortness of breath. Symptomatic children were assessed for ALRI using World Health Organization definitions. Nasal and throat swabs were obtained from all ALRI cases and asymptomatic controls and tested using polymerase chain reaction for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), parainfluenza viruses (PIV), and influenza viruses (IV). We estimated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) using logistic regression to calculate etiologic fractions (EF). We multiplied agent-specific ALRI incidence rates by EF to calculate the adjusted incidence as episodes per child-year.Results: ALRI incidence was 0.19 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.18-0.20) episode per child-year. Association between virus and ALRI was strongest for RSV (aOR = 15.9; 95% CI = 7.3-34.7; EF = 94%) and least for IV (aOR = 4.6; 95% CI = 2.0-10.6; EF = 78%). Adjusted agent-specific ALRI incidences were RSV (0.03, 95% CI = 0.02-0.03), hMPV (0.02, 95% CI = 0.01-0.02), PIV (0.02, 95% CI = 0.01-0.02), and IV (0.01, 95% CI = 0.01-0.01) episode per child-year.Conclusions: ALRI among children in rural India was high; RSV was a significant contributor.
AB - Background: In India, community-based acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) burden studies are limited, hampering development of prevention and control strategies.Methods: We surveyed children <10 years old at home weekly from August 2012-August 2014, for cough, sore throat, rhinorrhoea, ear discharge, and shortness of breath. Symptomatic children were assessed for ALRI using World Health Organization definitions. Nasal and throat swabs were obtained from all ALRI cases and asymptomatic controls and tested using polymerase chain reaction for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), parainfluenza viruses (PIV), and influenza viruses (IV). We estimated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) using logistic regression to calculate etiologic fractions (EF). We multiplied agent-specific ALRI incidence rates by EF to calculate the adjusted incidence as episodes per child-year.Results: ALRI incidence was 0.19 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.18-0.20) episode per child-year. Association between virus and ALRI was strongest for RSV (aOR = 15.9; 95% CI = 7.3-34.7; EF = 94%) and least for IV (aOR = 4.6; 95% CI = 2.0-10.6; EF = 78%). Adjusted agent-specific ALRI incidences were RSV (0.03, 95% CI = 0.02-0.03), hMPV (0.02, 95% CI = 0.01-0.02), PIV (0.02, 95% CI = 0.01-0.02), and IV (0.01, 95% CI = 0.01-0.01) episode per child-year.Conclusions: ALRI among children in rural India was high; RSV was a significant contributor.
KW - Acute Disease
KW - Child
KW - Child, Preschool
KW - Cohort Studies
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Incidence
KW - India/epidemiology
KW - Infant
KW - Male
KW - Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology
KW - Rural Population/statistics & numerical data
U2 - 10.7189/jogh.09.010433
DO - 10.7189/jogh.09.010433
M3 - A1: Web of Science-article
C2 - 31131104
SN - 2047-2978
VL - 9
JO - Journal of Global Health
JF - Journal of Global Health
IS - 1
M1 - 010433
ER -