TY - JOUR
T1 - High frequency of Cryptosporidium hominis infecting infants points to a potential anthroponotic transmission in Maputo, Mozambique
AU - Cossa-Moiane, Idalecia
AU - Cossa, Herminio
AU - Bauhofer, Adilson Fernando Loforte
AU - Chilaule, Jorfelia
AU - Guimaraes, Esperanca Lourenco
AU - Bero, Diocreciano Matias
AU - Cassocera, Marta
AU - Bambo, Miguel
AU - Anapakala, Elda
AU - Chissaque, Assucenio
AU - Sambo, Julia
AU - Langa, Jeronimo Souzinho
AU - Manhique-Coutinho, Lena Vania
AU - Fantinatti, Maria
AU - Lopes-Oliveira, Luis Antonio
AU - Da-Cruz, Alda Maria
AU - de Deus, Nilsa
N1 - FTX; DOAJ; (CC BY 4.0)
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Cryptosporidium is one of the most important causes of diarrhea in children less than 2 years of age. In this study, we report the frequency, risk factors and species of Cryptosporidium detected by molecular diagnostic methods in children admitted to two public hospitals in Maputo City, Mozambique. We studied 319 patients under the age of five years who were admitted due to diarrhea between April 2015 and February 2016. Single stool samples were examined for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts, microscopically by using a Modified Ziehl-Neelsen (mZN) staining method and by using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique using 18S ribosomal RNA gene as a target. Overall, 57.7% (184/319) were males, the median age (Interquartile range, IQR) was 11.0 (7-15) months. Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were detected in 11.0% (35/319) by microscopy and in 35.4% (68/192) using PCR-RFLP. The most affected age group were children older than two years, [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 5.861; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.532-22.417; p-value <0.05]. Children with illiterate caregivers had higher risk of infection (aOR: 1.688; 95% CI: 1.001-2.845; p-value <0.05). An anthroponotic species C. hominis was found in 93.0% (27/29) of samples. Our findings demonstrated that cryptosporidiosis in children with diarrhea might be caused by anthroponomic transmission.
AB - Cryptosporidium is one of the most important causes of diarrhea in children less than 2 years of age. In this study, we report the frequency, risk factors and species of Cryptosporidium detected by molecular diagnostic methods in children admitted to two public hospitals in Maputo City, Mozambique. We studied 319 patients under the age of five years who were admitted due to diarrhea between April 2015 and February 2016. Single stool samples were examined for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts, microscopically by using a Modified Ziehl-Neelsen (mZN) staining method and by using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique using 18S ribosomal RNA gene as a target. Overall, 57.7% (184/319) were males, the median age (Interquartile range, IQR) was 11.0 (7-15) months. Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were detected in 11.0% (35/319) by microscopy and in 35.4% (68/192) using PCR-RFLP. The most affected age group were children older than two years, [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 5.861; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.532-22.417; p-value <0.05]. Children with illiterate caregivers had higher risk of infection (aOR: 1.688; 95% CI: 1.001-2.845; p-value <0.05). An anthroponotic species C. hominis was found in 93.0% (27/29) of samples. Our findings demonstrated that cryptosporidiosis in children with diarrhea might be caused by anthroponomic transmission.
KW - acute diarrhea
KW - Cryptosporidium
KW - children
KW - risk factor
KW - Mozambique
U2 - 10.3390/pathogens10030293
DO - 10.3390/pathogens10030293
M3 - A1: Web of Science-article
SN - 2076-0817
VL - 10
JO - Pathogens
JF - Pathogens
IS - 3
M1 - 293
ER -