Influenza seasonality and vaccination timing in tropical and subtropical areas of southern and south-eastern Asia

Siddhartha Saha; Mandeep Chadha; Abdullah Al Mamun; Mahmudur Rahman; Katharine Sturm-Ramirez; Malinee Chittaganpitch; Sirima Pattamadilok; Sonja J Olsen; Ondri Dwi Sampurno; Vivi Setiawaty; Krisna Nur Andriana Pangesti; Gina Samaan; Sibounhom Archkhawongs; Phengta Vongphrachanh; Darouny Phonekeo; Andrew Corwin; Sok Touch; Philippe Buchy; Nora Chea; Paul Kitsutani; Le Quynh Mai; Vu Dinh Thiem; Raymond Lin; Constance Low; Chong Chee Kheong; Norizah Ismail; Mohd Apandi Yusof; Amado Tandoc; Vito Roque; Akhilesh Mishra; Ann C Moen; Marc-Alain Widdowson; Jeffrey Partridge; Renu B Lal

doi:10.2471/BLT.13.124412

Influenza seasonality and vaccination timing in tropical and subtropical areas of southern and south-eastern Asia

Siddhartha Saha, Mandeep Chadha, Abdullah Al Mamun, Mahmudur Rahman, Katharine Sturm-Ramirez, Malinee Chittaganpitch, Sirima Pattamadilok, Sonja J Olsen, Ondri Dwi Sampurno, Vivi Setiawaty, Krisna Nur Andriana Pangesti, Gina Samaan, Sibounhom Archkhawongs, Phengta Vongphrachanh, Darouny Phonekeo, Andrew Corwin, Sok Touch, Philippe Buchy, Nora Chea, Paul KitsutaniLe Quynh Mai, Vu Dinh Thiem, Raymond Lin, Constance Low, Chong Chee Kheong, Norizah Ismail, Mohd Apandi Yusof, Amado Tandoc, Vito Roque, Akhilesh Mishra, Ann C Moen, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Jeffrey Partridge, Renu B Lal

Institute of Tropical Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › A1: Web of Science-article › peer-review

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To characterize influenza seasonality and identify the best time of the year for vaccination against influenza in tropical and subtropical countries of southern and south-eastern Asia that lie north of the equator.

METHODS: Weekly influenza surveillance data for 2006 to 2011 were obtained from Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. Weekly rates of influenza activity were based on the percentage of all nasopharyngeal samples collected during the year that tested positive for influenza virus or viral nucleic acid on any given week. Monthly positivity rates were then calculated to define annual peaks of influenza activity in each country and across countries.

FINDINGS: Influenza activity peaked between June/July and October in seven countries, three of which showed a second peak in December to February. Countries closer to the equator had year-round circulation without discrete peaks. Viral types and subtypes varied from year to year but not across countries in a given year. The cumulative proportion of specimens that tested positive from June to November was > 60% in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, the Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam. Thus, these tropical and subtropical countries exhibited earlier influenza activity peaks than temperate climate countries north of the equator.

CONCLUSION: Most southern and south-eastern Asian countries lying north of the equator should consider vaccinating against influenza from April to June; countries near the equator without a distinct peak in influenza activity can base vaccination timing on local factors.

Original language	English
Journal	Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Volume	92
Issue number	5
Pages (from-to)	318-330
Number of pages	13
ISSN	0042-9686
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.13.124412
Publication status	Published - 2014

Keywords

Asia, Southeastern/epidemiology
Humans
Influenza Vaccines
Influenza, Human/epidemiology
Nasal Mucosa/virology
Orthomyxoviridae/immunology
Seasons
Tropical Climate

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Saha, S., Chadha, M., Al Mamun, A., Rahman, M., Sturm-Ramirez, K., Chittaganpitch, M., Pattamadilok, S., Olsen, S. J., Sampurno, O. D., Setiawaty, V., Pangesti, K. N. A., Samaan, G., Archkhawongs, S., Vongphrachanh, P., Phonekeo, D., Corwin, A., Touch, S., Buchy, P., Chea, N., ... Lal, R. B. (2014). Influenza seasonality and vaccination timing in tropical and subtropical areas of southern and south-eastern Asia. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 92(5), 318-330. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.13.124412

@article{bb3832d3f6dc42a0a9102dd7d7ede298,

title = "Influenza seasonality and vaccination timing in tropical and subtropical areas of southern and south-eastern Asia",

abstract = "OBJECTIVE: To characterize influenza seasonality and identify the best time of the year for vaccination against influenza in tropical and subtropical countries of southern and south-eastern Asia that lie north of the equator.METHODS: Weekly influenza surveillance data for 2006 to 2011 were obtained from Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. Weekly rates of influenza activity were based on the percentage of all nasopharyngeal samples collected during the year that tested positive for influenza virus or viral nucleic acid on any given week. Monthly positivity rates were then calculated to define annual peaks of influenza activity in each country and across countries.FINDINGS: Influenza activity peaked between June/July and October in seven countries, three of which showed a second peak in December to February. Countries closer to the equator had year-round circulation without discrete peaks. Viral types and subtypes varied from year to year but not across countries in a given year. The cumulative proportion of specimens that tested positive from June to November was > 60% in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, the Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam. Thus, these tropical and subtropical countries exhibited earlier influenza activity peaks than temperate climate countries north of the equator.CONCLUSION: Most southern and south-eastern Asian countries lying north of the equator should consider vaccinating against influenza from April to June; countries near the equator without a distinct peak in influenza activity can base vaccination timing on local factors.",

keywords = "Asia, Southeastern/epidemiology, Humans, Influenza Vaccines, Influenza, Human/epidemiology, Nasal Mucosa/virology, Orthomyxoviridae/immunology, Seasons, Tropical Climate",

author = "Siddhartha Saha and Mandeep Chadha and {Al Mamun}, Abdullah and Mahmudur Rahman and Katharine Sturm-Ramirez and Malinee Chittaganpitch and Sirima Pattamadilok and Olsen, {Sonja J} and Sampurno, {Ondri Dwi} and Vivi Setiawaty and Pangesti, {Krisna Nur Andriana} and Gina Samaan and Sibounhom Archkhawongs and Phengta Vongphrachanh and Darouny Phonekeo and Andrew Corwin and Sok Touch and Philippe Buchy and Nora Chea and Paul Kitsutani and Mai, {Le Quynh} and Thiem, {Vu Dinh} and Raymond Lin and Constance Low and Kheong, {Chong Chee} and Norizah Ismail and Yusof, {Mohd Apandi} and Amado Tandoc and Vito Roque and Akhilesh Mishra and Moen, {Ann C} and Marc-Alain Widdowson and Jeffrey Partridge and Lal, {Renu B}",

year = "2014",

doi = "10.2471/BLT.13.124412",

language = "English",

volume = "92",

pages = "318--330",

journal = "Bulletin of the World Health Organization",

issn = "0042-9686",

publisher = "World Health Organization",

number = "5",

}

Saha, S, Chadha, M, Al Mamun, A, Rahman, M, Sturm-Ramirez, K, Chittaganpitch, M, Pattamadilok, S, Olsen, SJ, Sampurno, OD, Setiawaty, V, Pangesti, KNA, Samaan, G, Archkhawongs, S, Vongphrachanh, P, Phonekeo, D, Corwin, A, Touch, S, Buchy, P, Chea, N, Kitsutani, P, Mai, LQ, Thiem, VD, Lin, R, Low, C, Kheong, CC, Ismail, N, Yusof, MA, Tandoc, A, Roque, V, Mishra, A, Moen, AC, Widdowson, M-A, Partridge, J & Lal, RB 2014, 'Influenza seasonality and vaccination timing in tropical and subtropical areas of southern and south-eastern Asia', Bulletin of the World Health Organization, vol. 92, no. 5, pp. 318-330. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.13.124412

TY - JOUR

T1 - Influenza seasonality and vaccination timing in tropical and subtropical areas of southern and south-eastern Asia

AU - Saha, Siddhartha

AU - Chadha, Mandeep

AU - Al Mamun, Abdullah

AU - Rahman, Mahmudur

AU - Sturm-Ramirez, Katharine

AU - Chittaganpitch, Malinee

AU - Pattamadilok, Sirima

AU - Olsen, Sonja J

AU - Sampurno, Ondri Dwi

AU - Setiawaty, Vivi

AU - Pangesti, Krisna Nur Andriana

AU - Samaan, Gina

AU - Archkhawongs, Sibounhom

AU - Vongphrachanh, Phengta

AU - Phonekeo, Darouny

AU - Corwin, Andrew

AU - Touch, Sok

AU - Buchy, Philippe

AU - Chea, Nora

AU - Kitsutani, Paul

AU - Mai, Le Quynh

AU - Thiem, Vu Dinh

AU - Lin, Raymond

AU - Low, Constance

AU - Kheong, Chong Chee

AU - Ismail, Norizah

AU - Yusof, Mohd Apandi

AU - Tandoc, Amado

AU - Roque, Vito

AU - Mishra, Akhilesh

AU - Moen, Ann C

AU - Widdowson, Marc-Alain

AU - Partridge, Jeffrey

AU - Lal, Renu B

PY - 2014

Y1 - 2014

N2 - OBJECTIVE: To characterize influenza seasonality and identify the best time of the year for vaccination against influenza in tropical and subtropical countries of southern and south-eastern Asia that lie north of the equator.METHODS: Weekly influenza surveillance data for 2006 to 2011 were obtained from Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. Weekly rates of influenza activity were based on the percentage of all nasopharyngeal samples collected during the year that tested positive for influenza virus or viral nucleic acid on any given week. Monthly positivity rates were then calculated to define annual peaks of influenza activity in each country and across countries.FINDINGS: Influenza activity peaked between June/July and October in seven countries, three of which showed a second peak in December to February. Countries closer to the equator had year-round circulation without discrete peaks. Viral types and subtypes varied from year to year but not across countries in a given year. The cumulative proportion of specimens that tested positive from June to November was > 60% in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, the Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam. Thus, these tropical and subtropical countries exhibited earlier influenza activity peaks than temperate climate countries north of the equator.CONCLUSION: Most southern and south-eastern Asian countries lying north of the equator should consider vaccinating against influenza from April to June; countries near the equator without a distinct peak in influenza activity can base vaccination timing on local factors.

AB - OBJECTIVE: To characterize influenza seasonality and identify the best time of the year for vaccination against influenza in tropical and subtropical countries of southern and south-eastern Asia that lie north of the equator.METHODS: Weekly influenza surveillance data for 2006 to 2011 were obtained from Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. Weekly rates of influenza activity were based on the percentage of all nasopharyngeal samples collected during the year that tested positive for influenza virus or viral nucleic acid on any given week. Monthly positivity rates were then calculated to define annual peaks of influenza activity in each country and across countries.FINDINGS: Influenza activity peaked between June/July and October in seven countries, three of which showed a second peak in December to February. Countries closer to the equator had year-round circulation without discrete peaks. Viral types and subtypes varied from year to year but not across countries in a given year. The cumulative proportion of specimens that tested positive from June to November was > 60% in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, the Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam. Thus, these tropical and subtropical countries exhibited earlier influenza activity peaks than temperate climate countries north of the equator.CONCLUSION: Most southern and south-eastern Asian countries lying north of the equator should consider vaccinating against influenza from April to June; countries near the equator without a distinct peak in influenza activity can base vaccination timing on local factors.

KW - Asia, Southeastern/epidemiology

KW - Humans

KW - Influenza Vaccines

KW - Influenza, Human/epidemiology

KW - Nasal Mucosa/virology

KW - Orthomyxoviridae/immunology

KW - Seasons

KW - Tropical Climate

U2 - 10.2471/BLT.13.124412

DO - 10.2471/BLT.13.124412

M3 - A1: Web of Science-article

C2 - 24839321

SN - 0042-9686

VL - 92

SP - 318

EP - 330

JO - Bulletin of the World Health Organization

JF - Bulletin of the World Health Organization

IS - 5

ER -

Influenza seasonality and vaccination timing in tropical and subtropical areas of southern and south-eastern Asia

Abstract

Keywords

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