TY - JOUR
T1 - Sensitivity and specificity of rapid diagnostic tests for hepatitis C virus with or without HIV coinfection: a multicentre laboratory evaluation study
AU - Vetter, Beatrice N
AU - Reipold, Elena Ivanova
AU - Ongarello, Stefano
AU - Audu, Rosemary
AU - Ige, Fehintola A
AU - Alkhazashvili, Maia
AU - Chitadze, Nazibrola
AU - Vanroye, Fien
AU - De Weggheleire, Anja
AU - Sokkab, An
AU - Fransen, Katrien
N1 - FTX; (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0); © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening is critical to HCV elimination efforts. Simplified diagnostics are required for low-resource settings and difficult-to-reach populations. This retrospective study assessed performance of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for detection of HCV antibodies.METHODS: Two lots of 13 RDTs were evaluated at three laboratories using archived plasma samples from four countries (Nigeria, Georgia, Cambodia, Belgium). HCV status was determined using three reference tests according to a composite algorithm. Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated in HIV infected and HIV uninfected populations. Operational characteristics were also assessed.RESULTS: In total, 1,710 samples met inclusion criteria. In HIV uninfected samples (n=384), the majority of RDTs had sensitivity ≥98% in one or both lots and most RDTs had specificity ≥99%. In HIV infected samples (n=264), specificity remained high, but sensitivity was markedly lower than in HIV uninfected samples; only one RDT reached >95%. The majority of HIV infected samples for which sensitivity was low did not have detectable HCV viral load/core antigen. Inter-reader variability, lot-to-lot variability and rate of invalid runs were low for all RDTs (<2%).CONCLUSION: HCV RDTs should be evaluated in the intended target population, as sensitivity can be impacted by population factors such as HIV status.
AB - BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening is critical to HCV elimination efforts. Simplified diagnostics are required for low-resource settings and difficult-to-reach populations. This retrospective study assessed performance of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for detection of HCV antibodies.METHODS: Two lots of 13 RDTs were evaluated at three laboratories using archived plasma samples from four countries (Nigeria, Georgia, Cambodia, Belgium). HCV status was determined using three reference tests according to a composite algorithm. Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated in HIV infected and HIV uninfected populations. Operational characteristics were also assessed.RESULTS: In total, 1,710 samples met inclusion criteria. In HIV uninfected samples (n=384), the majority of RDTs had sensitivity ≥98% in one or both lots and most RDTs had specificity ≥99%. In HIV infected samples (n=264), specificity remained high, but sensitivity was markedly lower than in HIV uninfected samples; only one RDT reached >95%. The majority of HIV infected samples for which sensitivity was low did not have detectable HCV viral load/core antigen. Inter-reader variability, lot-to-lot variability and rate of invalid runs were low for all RDTs (<2%).CONCLUSION: HCV RDTs should be evaluated in the intended target population, as sensitivity can be impacted by population factors such as HIV status.
U2 - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa389
DO - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa389
M3 - A1: Web of Science-article
C2 - 32614451
SN - 0022-1899
VL - 226
SP - 420
EP - 430
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases
IS - 3
M1 - jia389
ER -