Sustained human outbreak of a new MPXV clade I lineage in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

Emmanuel Vakaniaki; Cris Kacita; Eddy Kinganda-Lusamaki; A O'Toole; Tony Wawina Bokalanga; Daniel Bamuleka Mukadi; A Amuri-Aziza; Nadine Malyamungu-Bubala; Franklin Mweshi-Kumbana; Léandre Mutimbwa-Mambo; Freddy Belesi-Siangoli; Yves Mujula; Edyth Parker; Pauline-Chloé Muswamba-Kayembe; Sabin Nundu; RS Lushima; JC Makangara-Cigolo; N Mulopo-Mukanya; Elisabeth Pukuta-Simbu; P Akil-Bandali; H. Kavunga; Ombotimbe Abdramane; Isabel Brosius; Eugene Bangwen; Koen Vercauteren; Nadia A Sam-Agudu; Edward J Mills; Olivier Tshiani Mbaya; Nicole A Hoff; Anne W Rimoin; L.E. Hensley; Jason Kindrachuk; C Baxter; TC de Oliveira; Ahidjo Ayouba; Martine Peeters; Eric Delaporte; Steve Ahuka-Mundeke; EL Mohr; Nancy J. Sullivan; Jean-Jacques T Muyembe; J.B. Nachega; Andrew Rambaut; Laurens Liesenborghs

doi:10.1038/s41591-024-03130-3

Sustained human outbreak of a new MPXV clade I lineage in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

Emmanuel Vakaniaki, Cris Kacita, Eddy Kinganda-Lusamaki, A O'Toole, Tony Wawina Bokalanga, Daniel Bamuleka Mukadi, A Amuri-Aziza, Nadine Malyamungu-Bubala, Franklin Mweshi-Kumbana, Léandre Mutimbwa-Mambo, Freddy Belesi-Siangoli, Yves Mujula, Edyth Parker, Pauline-Chloé Muswamba-Kayembe, Sabin Nundu, RS Lushima, JC Makangara-Cigolo, N Mulopo-Mukanya, Elisabeth Pukuta-Simbu, P Akil-BandaliH. Kavunga, Ombotimbe Abdramane, Isabel Brosius, Eugene Bangwen, Koen Vercauteren, Nadia A Sam-Agudu, Edward J Mills, Olivier Tshiani Mbaya, Nicole A Hoff, Anne W Rimoin, L.E. Hensley, Jason Kindrachuk, C Baxter, TC de Oliveira, Ahidjo Ayouba, Martine Peeters, Eric Delaporte, Steve Ahuka-Mundeke, EL Mohr, Nancy J. Sullivan, Jean-Jacques T Muyembe, J.B. Nachega, Andrew Rambaut, Laurens Liesenborghs

Research output: Contribution to journal › A2: International peer reviewed article (not A1-type) › peer-review

Abstract

Outbreaks of monkeypox (mpox) have historically resulted from zoonotic spillover of clade I monkeypox virus (MPXV) in Central Africa and clade II MPXV in West Africa. In 2022, subclade IIb caused a global epidemic linked to transmission through sexual contact. Here we describe the epidemiological and genomic features of an mpox outbreak in a mining region in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, caused by clade I MPXV. Surveillance data collected between September 2023 and January 2024 identified 241 suspected cases. Genomic analysis demonstrates a distinct clade I lineage divergent from previously circulating strains in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Of the 108 polymerase chain reaction-confirmed mpox cases, the median age of individuals was 22 years, 51.9% were female and 29% were sex workers, suggesting a potential role for sexual transmission. The predominance of APOBEC3-type mutations and the estimated emergence time around mid-September 2023 imply recent sustained human-to-human transmission.

Original language	English
Journal	Nature Medicine
Volume	30
Pages (from-to)	2791-2795
ISSN	1078-8956
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03130-3
Publication status	Published - 2024

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Cite this

Vakaniaki, E., Kacita, C., Kinganda-Lusamaki, E., O'Toole, A., Wawina Bokalanga, T., Mukadi, D. B., Amuri-Aziza, A., Malyamungu-Bubala, N., Mweshi-Kumbana, F., Mutimbwa-Mambo, L., Belesi-Siangoli, F., Mujula, Y., Parker, E., Muswamba-Kayembe, P.-C., Nundu, S., Lushima, RS., Makangara-Cigolo, JC., Mulopo-Mukanya, N., Pukuta-Simbu, E., ... Liesenborghs, L. (2024). Sustained human outbreak of a new MPXV clade I lineage in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Nature Medicine, 30, 2791-2795. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03130-3

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title = "Sustained human outbreak of a new MPXV clade I lineage in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo",

abstract = "Outbreaks of monkeypox (mpox) have historically resulted from zoonotic spillover of clade I monkeypox virus (MPXV) in Central Africa and clade II MPXV in West Africa. In 2022, subclade IIb caused a global epidemic linked to transmission through sexual contact. Here we describe the epidemiological and genomic features of an mpox outbreak in a mining region in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, caused by clade I MPXV. Surveillance data collected between September 2023 and January 2024 identified 241 suspected cases. Genomic analysis demonstrates a distinct clade I lineage divergent from previously circulating strains in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Of the 108 polymerase chain reaction-confirmed mpox cases, the median age of individuals was 22 years, 51.9% were female and 29% were sex workers, suggesting a potential role for sexual transmission. The predominance of APOBEC3-type mutations and the estimated emergence time around mid-September 2023 imply recent sustained human-to-human transmission.",

author = "Emmanuel Vakaniaki and Cris Kacita and Eddy Kinganda-Lusamaki and A O'Toole and {Wawina Bokalanga}, Tony and Mukadi, {Daniel Bamuleka} and A Amuri-Aziza and Nadine Malyamungu-Bubala and Franklin Mweshi-Kumbana and L{\'e}andre Mutimbwa-Mambo and Freddy Belesi-Siangoli and Yves Mujula and Edyth Parker and Pauline-Chlo{\'e} Muswamba-Kayembe and Sabin Nundu and RS Lushima and JC Makangara-Cigolo and N Mulopo-Mukanya and Elisabeth Pukuta-Simbu and P Akil-Bandali and H. Kavunga and Ombotimbe Abdramane and Isabel Brosius and Eugene Bangwen and Koen Vercauteren and Sam-Agudu, {Nadia A} and Mills, {Edward J} and Mbaya, {Olivier Tshiani} and Hoff, {Nicole A} and Rimoin, {Anne W} and L.E. Hensley and Jason Kindrachuk and C Baxter and {de Oliveira}, TC and Ahidjo Ayouba and Martine Peeters and Eric Delaporte and Steve Ahuka-Mundeke and EL Mohr and Sullivan, {Nancy J.} and Muyembe, {Jean-Jacques T} and J.B. Nachega and Andrew Rambaut and Laurens Liesenborghs",

note = "not indexed in WoS so not A1",

year = "2024",

doi = "10.1038/s41591-024-03130-3",

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Vakaniaki, E, Kacita, C, Kinganda-Lusamaki, E, O'Toole, A, Wawina Bokalanga, T, Mukadi, DB, Amuri-Aziza, A, Malyamungu-Bubala, N, Mweshi-Kumbana, F, Mutimbwa-Mambo, L, Belesi-Siangoli, F, Mujula, Y, Parker, E, Muswamba-Kayembe, P-C, Nundu, S, Lushima, RS, Makangara-Cigolo, JC, Mulopo-Mukanya, N, Pukuta-Simbu, E, Akil-Bandali, P, Kavunga, H, Abdramane, O, Brosius, I , Bangwen, E , Vercauteren, K, Sam-Agudu, NA, Mills, EJ, Mbaya, OT, Hoff, NA, Rimoin, AW, Hensley, LE, Kindrachuk, J, Baxter, C, de Oliveira, TC, Ayouba, A, Peeters, M, Delaporte, E, Ahuka-Mundeke, S, Mohr, EL, Sullivan, NJ, Muyembe, J-JT, Nachega, JB, Rambaut, A & Liesenborghs, L 2024, 'Sustained human outbreak of a new MPXV clade I lineage in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo', Nature Medicine, vol. 30, pp. 2791-2795. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03130-3

TY - JOUR

T1 - Sustained human outbreak of a new MPXV clade I lineage in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

AU - Vakaniaki, Emmanuel

AU - Kacita, Cris

AU - Kinganda-Lusamaki, Eddy

AU - O'Toole, A

AU - Wawina Bokalanga, Tony

AU - Mukadi, Daniel Bamuleka

AU - Amuri-Aziza, A

AU - Malyamungu-Bubala, Nadine

AU - Mweshi-Kumbana, Franklin

AU - Mutimbwa-Mambo, Léandre

AU - Belesi-Siangoli, Freddy

AU - Mujula, Yves

AU - Parker, Edyth

AU - Muswamba-Kayembe, Pauline-Chloé

AU - Nundu, Sabin

AU - Lushima, RS

AU - Makangara-Cigolo, JC

AU - Mulopo-Mukanya, N

AU - Pukuta-Simbu, Elisabeth

AU - Akil-Bandali, P

AU - Kavunga, H.

AU - Abdramane, Ombotimbe

AU - Brosius, Isabel

AU - Bangwen, Eugene

AU - Vercauteren, Koen

AU - Sam-Agudu, Nadia A

AU - Mills, Edward J

AU - Mbaya, Olivier Tshiani

AU - Hoff, Nicole A

AU - Rimoin, Anne W

AU - Hensley, L.E.

AU - Kindrachuk, Jason

AU - Baxter, C

AU - de Oliveira, TC

AU - Ayouba, Ahidjo

AU - Peeters, Martine

AU - Delaporte, Eric

AU - Ahuka-Mundeke, Steve

AU - Mohr, EL

AU - Sullivan, Nancy J.

AU - Muyembe, Jean-Jacques T

AU - Nachega, J.B.

AU - Rambaut, Andrew

AU - Liesenborghs, Laurens

N1 - not indexed in WoS so not A1

PY - 2024

Y1 - 2024

N2 - Outbreaks of monkeypox (mpox) have historically resulted from zoonotic spillover of clade I monkeypox virus (MPXV) in Central Africa and clade II MPXV in West Africa. In 2022, subclade IIb caused a global epidemic linked to transmission through sexual contact. Here we describe the epidemiological and genomic features of an mpox outbreak in a mining region in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, caused by clade I MPXV. Surveillance data collected between September 2023 and January 2024 identified 241 suspected cases. Genomic analysis demonstrates a distinct clade I lineage divergent from previously circulating strains in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Of the 108 polymerase chain reaction-confirmed mpox cases, the median age of individuals was 22 years, 51.9% were female and 29% were sex workers, suggesting a potential role for sexual transmission. The predominance of APOBEC3-type mutations and the estimated emergence time around mid-September 2023 imply recent sustained human-to-human transmission.

AB - Outbreaks of monkeypox (mpox) have historically resulted from zoonotic spillover of clade I monkeypox virus (MPXV) in Central Africa and clade II MPXV in West Africa. In 2022, subclade IIb caused a global epidemic linked to transmission through sexual contact. Here we describe the epidemiological and genomic features of an mpox outbreak in a mining region in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, caused by clade I MPXV. Surveillance data collected between September 2023 and January 2024 identified 241 suspected cases. Genomic analysis demonstrates a distinct clade I lineage divergent from previously circulating strains in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Of the 108 polymerase chain reaction-confirmed mpox cases, the median age of individuals was 22 years, 51.9% were female and 29% were sex workers, suggesting a potential role for sexual transmission. The predominance of APOBEC3-type mutations and the estimated emergence time around mid-September 2023 imply recent sustained human-to-human transmission.

U2 - 10.1038/s41591-024-03130-3

DO - 10.1038/s41591-024-03130-3

M3 - A2: International peer reviewed article (not A1-type)

SN - 1078-8956

VL - 30

SP - 2791

EP - 2795

JO - Nature Medicine

JF - Nature Medicine

ER -