TY - JOUR
T1 - The impact of maternal HIV infection on the burden of respiratory syncytial virus among pregnant women and their infants, western Kenya
AU - Nyawanda, Bryan O
AU - Otieno, Nancy A
AU - Otieno, Michael O
AU - Emukule, Gideon O
AU - Bigogo, Godfrey
AU - Onyango, Clayton O
AU - Lidechi, Shirley
AU - Nyaundi, Jeremiah
AU - Langley, Gayle E
AU - Widdowson, Marc-Alain
AU - Chaves, Sandra S
N1 - FTX; (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0); No ITM affiliation;
© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: [email protected].
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of respiratory illness worldwide, however, burden data on mother-infant pairs remain sparse in sub-Saharan Africa where HIV is prevalent. We evaluated the impact of maternal HIV infection on the burden of RSV among mothers and their infants in western Kenya.METHODS: We enrolled pregnant women (≤20 weeks gestation) and followed them and their newborns weekly for up to 3-6 months post-partum, to document cases of acute respiratory illness (ARI). Nasal/ oropharyngeal swabs were collected and tested for RSV using polymerase chain reaction. Analyses were stratified by maternal HIV-status, and incidence computed per 1,000 person-months.RESULTS: Compared to RSV-negative ARI cases, RSV-positive cases were associated with cough, apnoea and hospitalization among infants. RSV incidence per 1,000 person-months among mothers was 4.0 (95% confidence interval (CI), 3.2-4.4), and was twice that among the HIV-infected (8.4; 95% CI, 5.7-12.0) compared to the HIV-uninfected mothers (3.1; 95% CI 2.3-4.0). Among infants, incidence per 1,000 person-months was 15.4 (95% CI, 12.5-18.8); incidence did not differ by HIV exposure or prematurity.CONCLUSION: HIV-infection may increase the risk of RSV illness among pregnant women. Future maternal RSV vaccines may have added benefit in high HIV prevalence areas.
AB - BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of respiratory illness worldwide, however, burden data on mother-infant pairs remain sparse in sub-Saharan Africa where HIV is prevalent. We evaluated the impact of maternal HIV infection on the burden of RSV among mothers and their infants in western Kenya.METHODS: We enrolled pregnant women (≤20 weeks gestation) and followed them and their newborns weekly for up to 3-6 months post-partum, to document cases of acute respiratory illness (ARI). Nasal/ oropharyngeal swabs were collected and tested for RSV using polymerase chain reaction. Analyses were stratified by maternal HIV-status, and incidence computed per 1,000 person-months.RESULTS: Compared to RSV-negative ARI cases, RSV-positive cases were associated with cough, apnoea and hospitalization among infants. RSV incidence per 1,000 person-months among mothers was 4.0 (95% confidence interval (CI), 3.2-4.4), and was twice that among the HIV-infected (8.4; 95% CI, 5.7-12.0) compared to the HIV-uninfected mothers (3.1; 95% CI 2.3-4.0). Among infants, incidence per 1,000 person-months was 15.4 (95% CI, 12.5-18.8); incidence did not differ by HIV exposure or prematurity.CONCLUSION: HIV-infection may increase the risk of RSV illness among pregnant women. Future maternal RSV vaccines may have added benefit in high HIV prevalence areas.
U2 - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa490
DO - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa490
M3 - A1: Web of Science-article
C2 - 32777041
SN - 0022-1899
VL - 225
SP - 2097
EP - 2105
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases
IS - 12
ER -