Younger children develop higher effector antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Lisa Tomasi; Anais Thiriard; Leo Heyndrickx; Daphnée Georges; Sigi Van den Wijngaert; Véronique Olislagers; Shilpee Sharma; André Matagne; Margaret E Ackerman; Kevin K Ariën; Tessa Goetghebuer; Arnaud Marchant

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofac554

Younger children develop higher effector antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Lisa Tomasi, Anais Thiriard, Leo Heyndrickx, Daphnée Georges, Sigi Van den Wijngaert, Véronique Olislagers, Shilpee Sharma, André Matagne, Margaret E Ackerman, Kevin K Ariën, Tessa Goetghebuer, Arnaud Marchant

Research output: Contribution to journal › A1: Web of Science-article › peer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The basis of the less severe clinical presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children as compared with adults remains incompletely understood. Studies have suggested that a more potent boosting of immunity to endemic common cold coronaviruses (HCoVs) may protect children.

METHODS: To test this hypothesis, we conducted a detailed analysis of antibodies induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children aged 2 months to 14 years.

RESULTS: Younger children had higher titers of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD), S1 but not S2 domain, and total spike (S) protein, higher avidity RBD immunoglobulin G, and higher titers of neutralizing and complement-activating antibodies as compared with older children. In contrast, older children had higher titers of antibodies to HCoVs, which correlated with antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 S2 domain but not with neutralizing or complement-activating antibodies.

CONCLUSIONS: These results reveal a unique capacity of young children to develop effector antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection independently of their immunity to HCoVs.

Original language	English
Article number	ofac554
Journal	Open Forum Infectious Diseases
Volume	9
Issue number	11
Number of pages	10
ISSN	2328-8957
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac554
Publication status	Published - 2022

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10.1093/ofid/ofac554

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Tomasi, Lisa ; Thiriard, Anais ; Heyndrickx, Leo ; Georges, Daphnée ; Van den Wijngaert, Sigi ; Olislagers, Véronique ; Sharma, Shilpee ; Matagne, André ; Ackerman, Margaret E ; Ariën, Kevin K ; Goetghebuer, Tessa ; Marchant, Arnaud. / Younger children develop higher effector antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. In: Open Forum Infectious Diseases. 2022 ; Vol. 9, No. 11.

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title = "Younger children develop higher effector antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: The basis of the less severe clinical presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children as compared with adults remains incompletely understood. Studies have suggested that a more potent boosting of immunity to endemic common cold coronaviruses (HCoVs) may protect children.METHODS: To test this hypothesis, we conducted a detailed analysis of antibodies induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children aged 2 months to 14 years.RESULTS: Younger children had higher titers of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD), S1 but not S2 domain, and total spike (S) protein, higher avidity RBD immunoglobulin G, and higher titers of neutralizing and complement-activating antibodies as compared with older children. In contrast, older children had higher titers of antibodies to HCoVs, which correlated with antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 S2 domain but not with neutralizing or complement-activating antibodies.CONCLUSIONS: These results reveal a unique capacity of young children to develop effector antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection independently of their immunity to HCoVs.",

author = "Lisa Tomasi and Anais Thiriard and Leo Heyndrickx and Daphn{\'e}e Georges and {Van den Wijngaert}, Sigi and V{\'e}ronique Olislagers and Shilpee Sharma and Andr{\'e} Matagne and Ackerman, {Margaret E} and Ari{\"e}n, {Kevin K} and Tessa Goetghebuer and Arnaud Marchant",

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Younger children develop higher effector antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. / Tomasi, Lisa; Thiriard, Anais; Heyndrickx, Leo; Georges, Daphnée; Van den Wijngaert, Sigi; Olislagers, Véronique; Sharma, Shilpee; Matagne, André; Ackerman, Margaret E; Ariën, Kevin K; Goetghebuer, Tessa; Marchant, Arnaud.

In: Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Vol. 9, No. 11, ofac554, 2022.

Research output: Contribution to journal › A1: Web of Science-article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Younger children develop higher effector antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection

AU - Tomasi, Lisa

AU - Thiriard, Anais

AU - Heyndrickx, Leo

AU - Georges, Daphnée

AU - Van den Wijngaert, Sigi

AU - Olislagers, Véronique

AU - Sharma, Shilpee

AU - Matagne, André

AU - Ackerman, Margaret E

AU - Ariën, Kevin K

AU - Goetghebuer, Tessa

AU - Marchant, Arnaud

N1 - CPDF

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - BACKGROUND: The basis of the less severe clinical presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children as compared with adults remains incompletely understood. Studies have suggested that a more potent boosting of immunity to endemic common cold coronaviruses (HCoVs) may protect children.METHODS: To test this hypothesis, we conducted a detailed analysis of antibodies induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children aged 2 months to 14 years.RESULTS: Younger children had higher titers of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD), S1 but not S2 domain, and total spike (S) protein, higher avidity RBD immunoglobulin G, and higher titers of neutralizing and complement-activating antibodies as compared with older children. In contrast, older children had higher titers of antibodies to HCoVs, which correlated with antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 S2 domain but not with neutralizing or complement-activating antibodies.CONCLUSIONS: These results reveal a unique capacity of young children to develop effector antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection independently of their immunity to HCoVs.

AB - BACKGROUND: The basis of the less severe clinical presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children as compared with adults remains incompletely understood. Studies have suggested that a more potent boosting of immunity to endemic common cold coronaviruses (HCoVs) may protect children.METHODS: To test this hypothesis, we conducted a detailed analysis of antibodies induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children aged 2 months to 14 years.RESULTS: Younger children had higher titers of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD), S1 but not S2 domain, and total spike (S) protein, higher avidity RBD immunoglobulin G, and higher titers of neutralizing and complement-activating antibodies as compared with older children. In contrast, older children had higher titers of antibodies to HCoVs, which correlated with antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 S2 domain but not with neutralizing or complement-activating antibodies.CONCLUSIONS: These results reveal a unique capacity of young children to develop effector antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection independently of their immunity to HCoVs.

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